It is a branch of dentistry which deals with the healty of gingiva surrounding the roots of teeth.

People discovered that the look of the gum has a direct effect on dental aesthetics. Periodontology covers several practices like tartar, gum operations, flap operations, operations of papillae, deep curettage, laser treatment of gum. Regular and proper oral care rather reduce your risk of gum disease. However, you must perform regular dentist visits to prevent the formation of gum disease and for early diagnosis. Gum disease can not be treated by maintaining regular mouth care. In this case, professional help is essential. First tartar must be cleaned and patient must continue to perform mouth care based on the given oral hygiene education.

Teeth are burried into the part of the jaw bone which is called alveolar bulge but not directly connected to the bone. There is a fibroelastik tissue of fibers between the alveolar bone and tooth root and this fibers are called periodontal ligament. It works like shock absorbers like in automobiles and protects jaw bone from the force applied on the teeth. Gum and oral mucosa cover these structures.

What is tartar?

Tartar is hard deposits on teeth which is caused by calcification of microbial dental plaques. The disease-causing bacterias can not produce toxins in calcified plaque. Even though this looks like a positive situation to protect teeth health, unfortunately not. Because of intricate surface of tartar, this creates a favorable environment for new plaques. Moreover, because of this almost adhesive surface protects plaques to be removed by toothbrush or detal floss, new plaque calcify and becomes a part of below surface. So the deposit gets bigger very rapidly and eventually creates more serious problems caused by the inflammation of the area.

How to get protected from periodontal disease?

The most effective and economical way of prevention from both periodontal disease and tooth decay, is the daily oral home care .

Daily oral hygiene is the elimination of microbial dental plaque on teeth and fixed prostheses. Microbial dental plaque becomes mature within 8-10 hours followed by the formation of it and periodontal disease-causing bacteria begin to produce toxins. Therefore, the ideal frequency of tooth brushing is 8 hours, in another words three times in a day. However, an effective brushing twice a day is also enough to protect the gums and other periodontal tissues too.

Use of dental floess is and integral par of daily oral care and helps to remove dental plaques from difficult places that tooth brush can not reach.

Also regular detists visits in every 6 months is essential for early diagnosis of periodontal disease.

• Brush and clean all surfaces of your teeth every day on a regular basis.
• At least once every six months, go to the dentist to get controlled and follow his/her recommendations.
• If you see signs of gum disease in your mouth, visit your dentist as soon as possible.
• Remember to be examined at regular intervals after treatment.
• Gum disease is a result of inflammation which is caused by bacterias deposited on the teeth and gum.
• These germs, even a clean mouth, produce a layer of adhesive a.k.a. plaque in a very short time.
• This layer is transparent and invisible to the eye, but helps new germs to get attached. This layer may become visible with help of some special paints.
• This sticky germ layer, can not be removed with mouth rinsing.
• The only solution to clean this layer is brushing your teeth with a toothbrush.
• If this germ layer gets thicker and will cause redness, swelling, softening and bleeding of the gum, and then teeth will get seperated from gum and get lost.
• For life-long trouble-free mouth and teeth, dental hygiene dedication is sufficient for only 5 minutes a day (2.5 minutes after breakfast and 2.5 minutes just before going to bed at night).

How to treat?

At early stages, removing the dental plaques from the teeth and roots is enough. This process also removes the bacterias from the month. Advanced cases may require surgical treatment.